To celebrate its 5th edition, the International Symposium on Biomedical S- ulation (ISBMS) was organized in conjunction with the International Meeting on Simulation in Healthcare (IMSH). IMSH is the premier simulation in heal- care meeting and largestsingle gathering of clinicians, educators,administrators and other simulation stakeholders. This unique link-up aimed at bringing - gether simulation users with those involved in its scienti?c and technological developments in order to foster closer interaction. The joint meeting was held in Phoenix, Arizona during January 23-24, 2010. Biomedical modeling and simulation are at the center stage of worldwide e?orts to understand and replicate the behavior and function of the human organism. The Physiome Project and Virtual Physiological Human (VPH) i- tiative aim to develop advanced computational models that will facilitate the understanding of the integrative function of cells, organs, and organisms, with the ultimate goal of delivering truly personalized medicine. At the same time, progressinreal-timebiomedicalmodeling andsimulationhasenabledmorec- plex, interactive simulations, o?ering the possibility of highly sophisticated task trainers,proceduralandpatientsimulatorsto supportmedicaltrainingandsafer clinical practice. It is in this contextthat ISBMS seeks to act as an international forum for researchers in this increasingly important area to share their latest work, discuss future trends and forge new collaborations.