Excavation is an important segment of foundation engineering (e.g., in the construction of the foundations or basements of high-rise buildings, underground oil tanks, or subways). However, the excavation knowledge introduced in most books on foundation engineering is too simple to handle actual excavation analysis and design. Moreover, with economic development and urbanization, excavations go deeper and are larger in scale. These conditions require elaborate analysis, design methods and construction technologies. This book is aimed at both theoretical explication and practical application. From basic to advanced, this book attempts to achieve theoretical rigor and consistency. Each chapter is followed by a problem set so that the book can be readily taught at senior undergraduate and graduate levels. The solution to the problems at the end of the chapters can be found on the website (http://www.ct.ntust.edu.tw/ou/). On the other hand, the analysis methods introduced in the book can be used in actual analysis and design as they contain the most up-to-date knowledge. Therefore, this book is suitable for teachers who teach foundation engineering and/or deep excavation courses and engineers who are engaged in excavation analysis and design.